Identification of Key Factors for Optimized Healthcare Services: A Protocol for a Multi-phase Study of the Dubai Vaccination Campaign

Abstract

Background: Mass vaccination of the global population against the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) posed multiple challenges, including effectively administering millions of doses in a short period of time while ensuring public safety and accessibility. The Government of Dubai launched a mass campaign in December 2020 to vaccinate all its citizens and residents, targeting the population over the age of 18 against COVID-19. The vaccination campaign involved a transformation of multiple commercial spaces into mass vaccination centers (MVCs) across the city of Dubai, the largest of which was the Dubai One Central (DOC) Vaccination Center. It was operational between 17 January 2021 and 27 January 2022.

Objective: The multi-phase research study aims to empirically explore the opinions of multiple healthcare stakeholders, elicit the key success factors that can influence the effective delivery of emergency healthcare services such as COVID-19 MVCs, and explore how these factors relate to one another.

Method: To understand more about the operations of the Dubai One Central vaccination center, the study follows a multi-phase design divided into two main sections. The study is conducted by the Institute for Excellence in Health Professions Education (ieHPE) at Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU) between December 2021 and January 2023. To elicit the key success factors that contributed to the vaccination campaign administered at DOC, the research team conducted 30 semi-structured interviews (SSI) with a sample of staff and volunteers who worked at the DOC vaccination center. Stratified random sampling was used to select the participants, and the interview cohort included representatives from the management team, team leaders, administration and registration team, vaccinators, and volunteers. A total of 103 people were invited to take part in the research study and 30 people accepted to participate in the SSI interviews. To validate the participation of various stakeholders, the second phase analytically investigated one’s subjectivity through Q-methodology and empirically investigating the opinions obtained from the research participants during phase 1.

Results: As of July 2022, 30 semi-structured interviews were conducted with the research participants. The expected results from the project's first phase will be the identification of key success factors, enablers, and barriers of the design and operation of the Covid-19 vaccination center at DOC. While the expected results from the study's second phase will identify patterns of similarities and differences in the ranking of the Q-sets. The final set of results from this dataset will quantitatively interpret the common answers amongst participants and the correlation between the selected success factors relating to the study.

Conclusions: The study will provide a comprehensive two-phase approach to obtaining the key success factors that can influence the delivery of high-quality healthcare services such as emergency services launched during a global pandemic. The study's findings will be translated into key factors that could support designing future healthcare services utilizing evidence-based practice. In line with future plans, a study will use data, collected through the One Central vaccination center, to develop a simulation model outlining the process of the customer journey and center workflow.