Child perceptions questionnaire: translation, cultural adaptation and initial validation in a Greek adolescent population with malocclusion

Abstract

Purpose: Several studies have shown that orthodontic anomalies may afect young people’s Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL). The purpose the present study was to translate in the Greek language, culturally adapt and initially validate the CPQ11-14 ISF-16 for a Greek adolescent population with malocclusion.

Methods: Following relevant methodological recommendations, after translation, the comprehensiveness of the Greek version of CPQ11-14 ISF-16 (CPQ11-14 ISF-16-GR) was verifed in a pilot study of 20 Greek adolescents. The main study was undertaken in a sample of 200 adolescents that presented for an initial consultation at the Postgraduate Orthodontic Clinic. Cronbach’s alpha was used to test internal consistency/reliability and Spearman’s rho for criterion validity with the Oral Health Impact Profle (OHIP-14). Forty individuals completed the same questionnaires again after 3 weeks. Test–retest reliability was assessed using Intraclass Correlation Coefcient. Statistical tests were undertaken using SPSS (v. 24, IBM Corp., NY, USA).

Results: The CPQ11-14 ISF-16-GR presented high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha=0.848>0.70) and very satisfactory Discrimination Index (DI=0.47>0.30). Moreover, the CPQ11–14ISF-16 showed excellent criterion validity with OHIP-14 (rho=0.719, p<0.001).

Conclusion: The CPQ11-14 ISF-16-GR exhibits satisfactory psychometric properties to continue the investigation of OHRQoL in Greek adolescents with malocclusion. Further testing of is required in a variety of environments to increase generalizability and investigate the particular characteristics of CPQ application in malocclusion cases.