A Retrospective Analysis of Biological Complications of Dental Implants

Abstract

Background and Objective: Several risk factors have been implicated in onset and development of peri-implant diseases. e impact of these factors, however, remains controversial across the di¬erent clinical settings and populations. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the risk factors for peri-implant diseases among an Emirati population.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients aged ≥18 years and having dental implants placed at Dubai Health Authority in 2010. Relevant information related to systemic-, patient-, implant-, site-, surgical- and prosthesis-related factors were collected. e strength of association between the prevalence of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis and each variable was measured by chi-square analysis. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify possible risk factors.

Results: A total of 162 patients with 301 implant-supported restorations were included in the study. the age of the patients ranged between 19 and 72 with a mean age of 46.4 ± 11.7 years. The prevalence of peri-implant mucositis at the patient and implant levels were 44.4% and 38.2%, respectively. For peri-implantitis, the prevalence at the patient level was 5.6%, while the prevalence at the implant level was 4.0%. the binary logistic regression identified three risk factors (smoking habits, histories of treated periodontitis and lack of peri-implant maintenance) for peri-implantitis.

Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, smoking habits, history of treated periodontitis and lack of peri-implant maintenance were significant risk factors for peri-implantitis. Early detection of these factors would ensure appropriate planning and care of patients at high risk of developing peri-implant diseases.