Browsing by Author "Makrygiannakis, Miltiadis A."

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Does common prescription medication affect the rate of orthodontic tooth movement? A systematic review
(2018-03-06) Makrygiannakis, Miltiadis A.; Kaklamanos, Eleftherios G; Athanasiou, Athanasios E.
Background: As the taking of any medication may theoretically affect the complex pathways responsible for periodontal tissue homeostasis and the events leading to orthodontic tooth movement, it is considered important for the orthodontist to be able to identify prospective patients’ history and patterns of pharmaceutical consumption. Objective: To systematically investigate and appraise the quality of the available evidence regarding the effect of commonly prescribed medications on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. Search methods: Search without restrictions in eight databases and hand searching until June 2017. Selection criteria: Controlled studies investigating the effect of commonly prescribed medications with emphasis on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. Data collection and analysis: Following study retrieval and selection, relevant data was extracted and the risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE’s Risk of Bias Tool. Results: Twenty-seven animal studies, involving various pharmacologic and orthodontic interventions, were finally identified. Most studies were assessed to be at unclear or high risk of bias. The rate of orthodontic tooth movement was shown to increase after the administration of diazepam, Vitamin C and pantoprazole, while simvastatin, atorvastatin, calcium compounds, strontium ranelate, propranolol, losartan, famotidine, cetirizine, and metformin decreased the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. No interference with the rate of orthodontic tooth movement was reported for phenytoin, phenobarbital and zinc compounds, whereas, inconsistent or conflicting effects were noted after the administration of L-thyroxine, lithium compounds, fluoxetine and insulin. The quality of the available evidence was considered at best as low. Conclusions: Commonly prescribed medications may exhibit variable effects on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. Although the quality of evidence was considered at best as low, raising reservations about the strength of the relevant recommendations, the clinician should be capable of identifying patients taking medications and should take into consideration the possible implications related to the proposed treatment.
Effects of systemic medication on root resorption associated with orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review of animal studies
(2018-07-09) Makrygiannakis, Miltiadis A.; Kaklamanos, Eleftherios G; Athanasiou, Athanasios E.
Background: Theoretically, root resorption could be modulated by any medication taken that exhibits possible effects on the implicated molecular pathways. Objectives: To systematically investigate and appraise the quality of the available evidence from animal studies, regarding the effect of commonly prescribed systemic medication on root resorption associated with orthodontic tooth movement. Search methods: Search without restrictions in eight databases (PubMed, Central, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Arab World Research Source, ClinicalTrials.gov, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global) and hand searching until April 2018 took place. One author developed detailed search strategies for each database that were based on the PubMed strategy and adapted accordingly. Selection criteria: Controlled studies investigating the effect of systemic medications on root resorption associated with orthodontic tooth movement. Data collection and analysis: Following study retrieval and selection, relevant data were extracted and the risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE’s Risk of Bias Tool. Results: Twenty-one studies were finally identified, most of which at unclear risk of bias. Rootp;resorption was shown to increase in Vitamin C treated animals in comparison with the control group, whereas a comparative decrease was noted after the administration of the alendronate, ibuprofen, growth hormone, low doses of meloxicam, simvastatin, lithium chloride and strontium ranelate. No difference was noted for acetaminophen, aspirin, fluoxetine, atorvastatin, misoprostol, zoledronic acid and zinc. Finally, inconsistent effects were observed after the administration of celecoxib, prednisolone and L-thyroxine. The quality of the available evidence was considered at best as low. Conclusions: The pharmaceutical substances investigated were shown to exhibit variable effects on root resorption. Although the overall quality of evidence provides the clinician with a cautious perspective on the strength of the relevant recommendations, good practice would suggest that it is important to identify patients consuming medications and consider the possible implications.
Tooth wear during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances: a systematic review
(2018) Makrygiannakis, Miltiadis A.; Kaklamanos, Eleftherios G; Milosevic, Alexander; Athanasiou, Athanasios E.
Objectives: Tooth wear, additional to the physiologic alterations of the dentition, may occur during orthodontic treatment. The objective of the present review was to investigate systematically the literature relevant to its progression in patients having undergone comprehensive orthodontic treatment. Data sources: Search without restrictions in eight databases since inception and hand searching until October 2017 was performed. Data selection: Studies evaluating tooth wear immediately before and after the completion of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance were evaluated independently and in duplicate. Data extraction: Following study retrieval and selection, data on volumetric and surface tooth wear was extracted. Individual study risk of bias assessment was performed using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool, and the overall quality of the evidence was assessed with the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Data synthesis: All three finally included studies reported wear of teeth during the period of treatment but were at serious risk of bias. Two of them investigated tooth wear by 3D volumetric measurements and one used grading scales. The mean volume reduction was 1.02 mm3 per tooth for the incisor group [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.84–1.20], 1.62 mm3 for the canines [95% CI: 0.8–2.38; I2= 96%; random effects method] and 0.95 mm3 for premolars and molars [95% CI: 0.84–1.07]. The overall quality of evidence limited the confidence in the observed estimates. Conclusions: Varying degrees of tooth wear were reported after comprehensive orthodontic treatment. Further studies are needed in order to elucidate how much is associated with orthodontic treatment and/or physiologic alterations of the dentition.